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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910293140603321 |
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Autore |
Wahbi Ammar |
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Titolo |
Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing: Estimation of Agricultural Crop Biomass Water Equivalent [[electronic resource] /] / by Ammar Wahbi, Lee Heng, Gerd Dercon |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Springer Nature, 2018 |
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Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2018 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2018.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (X, 33 p. 18 illus., 14 illus. in color.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Agriculture |
Hydrology |
Environmental sciences |
Hydrology/Water Resources |
Environmental Science and Engineering |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Foreword -- Summary -- 2. In-Situ Destructive Sampling -- 2.1 The Concept of Representivity -- 2.2 Plant Sampling Pattern and Design -- 2.3 Biomass Water Equivalent -- 2.4 Conclusions -- 3. Remote Sensing via Satellite Imagery Analysis -- 3.1 Photo-Reflective Properties of Plants -- 3.2 Satellite Image Analysis -- 3.3 Conclusions -- 4. Estimate of Biomass Water Equivalent via the Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensor -- 4.1 The role of Biomass in the CRNS Calibration -- 4.2 Relationship between Neutrons and Crop Biomass -- 4.3 Dire4ct Relationship between Neutrons and Biomass -- 4.4 Conclusions. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book is published open access under a CC BY 3.0 IGO license. This open access book provides methods for the estimation of Biomass Water Equivalent (BEW), an essential step for improving the accuracy of area-wide soil moisture by cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS). Three techniques are explained in detail: (i) traditional in-situ destructive sampling, (ii) satellite based remote sensing of plant surfaces, and (iii) biomass estimation via the use of the CRNS itself. The advantages and |
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disadvantages of each method are discussed along with step by step instructions on proper procedures and implementation. . |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910136069603321 |
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Autore |
Heineke Amy J. |
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Titolo |
Restrictive Language Policy in Practice : English Learners in Arizona / / Amy J. Heineke |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Blue Ridge Summit, PA : , : Multilingual Matters, , [2016] |
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©2016 |
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ISBN |
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1-78309-643-8 |
1-78309-642-X |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (234 pages) : illustrations, tables |
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Collana |
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Bilingual Education & Bilingualism |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Language policy - Arizona |
Education, Bilingual - Arizona |
English language - Study and teaching - Arizona - Foreign speakers |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Frontmatter -- Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Looking Back: Historical Lens on Arizona Policies and Practices -- 3. Contemporary Context of English Learner Education -- 4. Starting at the Center: English Language Development in Classrooms -- 5. Local Policy (P)layers: Classroom, School and District Educators -- 6. Administrators and Educators: State Educational Policy in Practice -- 7. Legislators and Lobbyists: Power, Politics and Policy in Arizona -- 8. Rationalizing the Education of English Learners in Arizona: The Complexities of Language Policy in Practice -- 9. Looking Forward: Recommendations for English Learner Education -- References -- Index |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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As the most restrictive language policy context in the United States, Arizona’s monolingual and prescriptive approach to teaching English learners continues to capture international attention. More than five school years after initial implementation, this study uses qualitative data from the individuals doing the policy work to provide a holistic |
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picture of the complexities and intricacies of Arizona’s language policy in practice. Drawing on the varied perspectives of teachers, leaders, administrators, teacher-educators, lawmakers and community activists, the book examines the lived experiences of those involved in Arizona’s language policy on a daily basis, highlighting the importance of local perspectives and experiences as well as the need to prepare and professionalize teachers of English learners. |
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