The tools of policy formulation : an introduction / John R. Turnpenny, Andrew J. Jordan, David Benson and Tim Rayner -- Participatory assessment : tools for empowering, learning and legitimating? / Matthijs Hisschemöller and Eefie Cuupen -- Scenarios : tools for comping with complexity and future uncertainty? / Marta Pérez-Soba and Rob Maas -- Indicators : tools for informing, monitoring or controlling? / Markku Lehtonen -- Computerized models : tools for assessing the future of complex systems? / Martin K. van Ittersum and Barbara Sterk -- Multi-criteria analysis : a tool for going beyond monetization? / Catherine D. Gamper and Catrinel Turcanu -- Cost-benefit analysis : a tool that is both useful and influential? / Giles Atkinson -- Policy formulation, policy advice and policy appraisal : the distribution of analytical tools / Michael Howlett, Seck L. Tan, Andrea Migone, Adam Wellstead and Bryan Evans -- The use of policy formation tools in the venue of policy appraisal : patterns and underlying motivations / John R. Turnpenny, Andrew J. Jordan, Camilla Adelle, Stephan Bartke, Thomas Bournaris, Petrus Kautto, Hanna Kuittinen, Lars Ege Larsen, Christina Moulogianni, Sanna-Riikka Saarela and Sabine Weiland -- Policy formation tool use in emerging policy spheres : a developing country perspective / Sachin Warghade -- The effects of targets and indicators on policy formation : narrowing down, crowding out and locking in / Christina Boswell, Steve Yearly, Colin Fleming, Eugénia Rodrigues and Graham Spinardi -- The use of |