Plant metabolism and biotechnology / / edited by Hiroshi Ashihara, Alan Crozier, Atsushi Komamine

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910130878003321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, West Sussex, : Wiley, 2011
• ISBN: 1-283-40532-6; 9786613405326; 1-119-99323-7; 1-119-99132-3; 1-119-99131-5
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (422 p.)
• Classificazione: SCI007000
• Altri autori (Persone): AshiharaHiroshi; CrozierAlan; KomamineAtsushi <1929->
• Disciplina: 660.6
• Soggetti: Plants - Metabolism; Plant biotechnology
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Plant Metabolism and Biotechnology; Contents; List of Contributors; Preface; 1 Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Starch and Sugars; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Carbon Partitioning in Mesophyll Cells; 1.3 Sucrose Biosynthesis in Source Leaves; 1.3.1 Regulatory Enzymes of the Pathway; 1.4 Starch Metabolism in Source Leaves; 1.4.1 Starch Synthesis within the Chloroplast; 1.4.2 Starch Breakdown in Leaves and Metabolism of its Degradation Products in the Cytosol; 1.5 Sucrose to Starch Conversion in Storage Organs; 1.6 Metabolic Engineering of Carbohydrate Metabolism; 1.6.1 Increasing Starch Content; 1.6.2 Altering Starch Quality1.7 Engineering Soluble Sugars; 1.8 Production of Novel Carbohydrates in Transgenic Plants; 1.9 Network Analysis of Carbohydrate Metabolism; Acknowledgements; References; 2 Lipid Biosynthesis; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Fatty Acid Synthesis; 2.3 Fatty Acid Desaturases; 2.3.1 -9 Desaturases; 2.3.2 -12 Desaturases; 2.3.3 -3 Desaturases; 2.4 Lipid Signals; 2.5 Algae; 2.6 Membrane Synthesis; 2.7 TAG Biosynthesis; 2.8 Genetic Engineering of Oilseed for ; Industrial Uses; 2.9 Plant Oils as a Renewable Resource; Acknowledgements; References; 3 Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation; 3.1 Nitrogen Fixing Organisms and the Nitrogenase System3.1.1 Nitrogen Fixing Microorganisms; 3.1.2 The Nitrogenase Complex; 3.1.3 Nif Genes and Regulation; 3.2 Symbiotic Nodule Formation in Legume Plants; 3.2.1 Infection and the Nodulation Process; 3.2.2 Nod Factors, Early Symbiotic Signalling and the Rhizobial Infection Process; 3.3 Mutual Interactions between Host Cells and Bacteroids in Legume Nodules; 3.3.1 Differentiation of Rhizobia into Bacteroids; 3.3.2 Protection of the Nitrogenase System from Oxygen in Root Nodules; 3.3.3 Metabolite Exchange between the Plant Cell Cytosol and Bacteroids3.4 Molecular Genetic Approaches to the Host Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation; 3.4.1 The Fix- Mutants: Host Legume-Determined Ineffective Nodules; 3.4.2 Metabolic Partnerships Unveiled by Fix- Mutants; 3.4.3 Premature Senescence in Fix- Nodules and Symbiosome Organisation; Acknowledgements; References; 4 Sulfur Metabolism; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Sulfate Transport; 4.2.1 Sulfate Transport Mechanisms; 4.2.2 Sulfate Uptake System; 4.2.3 Transport of Sulfate from Roots to Shoots; 4.2.4 Subcellular Transport of Sulfate; 4.2.5 Redistribution of Sulfur4.2.6 Regulation of Sulfate Uptake; 4.3 Sulfate Reduction; 4.3.1 ATP Sulfurylase; 4.3.2 APS Reductase; 4.3.3 APS Kinase; 4.3.4 Sulfite Reductase; 4.3.5 Regulation of Sulfate Reduction; 4.4 Cysteine Biosynthesis; 4.4.1 O-Acetylserine(thiol)lyase; 4.4.2 Serine Acetyltransferase; 4.4.3 Cysteine Synthase Complex; 4.5 Methionine Biosynthesis; 4.5.1 Biosynthetic Pathways; 4.5.2 Regulation of Methionine Biosynthesis; 4.6 Regulators for Coordination of Sulfur Metabolism; 4.6.1 Transcriptional Regulators; 4.6.2 MicroRNA-395; 4.6.3 OAS-Mediated Regulation; 4.6.4 Outlook for Application
• Sommario/riassunto: Various plant metabolites are useful for human life, and the induction and reduction of these metabolites using modern biotechnical technique is of enormous potential important especially in the fields of agriculture and health. Plant Metabolism and Biotechnology describes the biosynthetic pathways of plant metabolites, their function in plants, and some applications for biotechnology. Topics covered include: biosynthesis and metabolism of starch and sugarslipid biosynthesissymbiotic nitrogen fixationsulfur metabolismnucleotide metabolismpurine alkaloid metab