1.

Record Nr.

UNICAMPANIAVAN0260829

Autore

Klingenberg, Wilhelm P. A.

Titolo

Lectures on Closed Geodesics / Wilhelm Klingenberg

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Berlin, : Springer, 1978

Descrizione fisica

xi, 230 p. ; 24 cm

Soggetti

58-XX - Global analysis, analysis on manifolds [MSC 2020]

53-XX - Differential geometry [MSC 2020]

58E05 - Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces [MSC 2020]

53D25 - Geodesic flows in symplectic geometry and contact geometry [MSC 2020]

37D40 - Dynamical systems of geometric origin and hyperbolicity (geodesic and horocycle flows, etc.) [MSC 2020]

58B20 - Riemannian, Finsler and other geometric structures on infinite-dimensional manifolds [MSC 2020]

53C22 - Geodesics in global differential geometry [MSC 2020]

58E10 - Variational problems in applications to the theory of geodesics (problems in one independent variable) [MSC 2020]

55P47 - Infinite loop spaces [MSC 2020]

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910966176103321

Autore

Muente-Kunigami Arturo

Titolo

Options to increase access to telecommunications services in rural and low-income areas / / Arturo Muente-Kunigami, Juan Navas-Sabater

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : World Bank, , c2010

ISBN

9786612422171

9781282422179

1282422170

9780821381434

0821381431

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

viii, 44 pages : illustrations ; ; 26 cm

Collana

World Bank working paper, , 1726-5878 ; ; no. 178

Altri autori (Persone)

Navas-SabaterJuan <1968->

Disciplina

384/.043091734

Soggetti

Telecommunication policy

Rural telecommunication

Poor

Telecommunication systems

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Contents; Abstract; Acknowledgments; Foreword; Acronyms and Abbreviations; 1. Introduction; 2. First Things First: Allow Markets to Work Well; Figure 2.1. Level of Competition in Mobile Markets and Mobile Penetration, 2007; Table 2.1. Emerging Trends in Telecommunications Regulation; 3. An Ever-Changing Industry: Changes and Trends in Rural Telecommunications since the Early 1990's; Figure 3.1. Growth of Mobile Subscribers Globally; Box 3.1. Enabling Rural Areas with Broadband Coverage; Box 3.2. The Fiber Optic National Network in Kenya; 4. Rationale for Universal Access Policy Instruments

Table 4.1. Universal Access Instruments Table 4.2. Financial Support Mechanisms; 5. Assessing the Suitability of the Instruments; Table 5.1. Evaluation Criteria; Assessment Box 1. Asymmetric Interconnection; Box 5.1. Sharing the Risks to Increase Access in Tanzania; Assessment Box 2. Facilities Sharing and Open Access; Figure 3. Mobile Tariffs for Selected Operators (US per minute); Assessment Box 3. Flexible Use of



Spectrum; Assessment Box 4. Licensing Local Operators; Table 5.2. Taxes on Mobile Services in African Countries; Assessment Box 5. Taxes and Import Duties

Table 5.3. Outcomes of Minimum Subsidy Auctions for New Public Rural Telephones Assessment Box 6. Reverse Auctions and OBA; Box 5.2. Financing for Small Local Operations; Assessment Box 7. Introduction of Bottom-Up Projects; Box 5.3. Government Demand Increases Broadband Coverage in Korea; Assessment Box 8. Institutional Demand Stimulation; Assessment Box 9. Licensing Obligations; Assessment Box 10. End-User Subsidies; Assessment Box 11. Access Deficit Charges; Table 5.4. Assessment of Mechanisms; 6. Implementation Arrangements; 7. Conclusion; Figure A.1. Market Gap and Access Gap Model

Appendix. The "Gaps" ModelReferences

Sommario/riassunto

Telecommunications sector policy-makers and regulators have a wide range of instruments available to them that can be used to increase access to telecommunications services in rural and low-income areas. The paper provides a review of these instruments, evaluating them against a set of criteria. It then goes on to identify a number of them that are worthy of further consideration by policy-makers and regulators while demonstrating that the effectiveness of the identified instruments can be greatly enhanced by the establishment of a conducive legal, regulatory and institutional framework.